Specialized Track · Career

Law

Discuss litigation, contracts, and corporate law.

Moving beyond basic agreements, this lesson covers civil litigation, formal contract drafting, and corporate legal vocabulary.

Why this matters This lesson connects directly to your progress: it covers civil litigation and contracts; dispute resolution and corporate law; court procedure and property law. Mastering this content lets you move forward confidently, and reinforces patterns you'll use again later. Take time to review every example before moving to the assessment — repetition is what actually locks knowledge in long-term.

01

What will you be able to do?

The goals of this lesson.

02

Before you start

You already know basic legal vocabulary. This lesson covers litigation, contracts, and corporate law in more technical detail.

03

Civil litigation and contracts

Terms for filing lawsuits and drafting formal contracts.

Examples

The plaintiff filed a lawsuit for breach of contract.
Civil litigation
We need to draft a non-disclosure agreement.
Contract drafting
The court granted a temporary restraining order.
Court orders
The defendant's attorney filed a motion to dismiss.
Motions
We're conducting due diligence before the acquisition.
Due diligence
The arbitration clause requires disputes to be resolved privately.
Arbitration
We need to review the indemnification provisions.
Contract provisions
The jury reached a unanimous verdict.
Trial procedure

04

Dispute resolution and corporate law

Vocabulary for arbitration, mediation, and corporate transactions.

Examples

We're negotiating the terms of the settlement agreement.
Settlement negotiation
The statute of limitations for this claim has expired.
Statute of limitations
We filed an appeal with the higher court.
Appeals
The contract was declared void due to a legal defect.
Contract validity
We need to obtain power of attorney for this transaction.
Power of attorney
The company faces liability for the defective product.
Liability
We're reviewing the merger agreement for regulatory compliance.
Corporate law

05

Court procedure and property law

Terms for trial procedure, appeals, and property transactions.

Examples

The tenant breached several terms of the lease.
Breach of contract
We need to file this document with the court clerk.
Court filings
The mediator helped both parties reach an agreement.
Mediation
We're drafting the terms of the partnership agreement.
Partnership agreements
The judge issued an injunction against the company.
Injunctions
We need to verify the chain of title for this property.
Property law
The plaintiff seeks damages for the breach.
Damages

06

Reading

Read the text and answer the questions. You can try as many times as you want.

The plaintiff filed a lawsuit for breach of contract after the company failed to deliver the agreed services. The defendant's attorney filed a motion to dismiss, arguing that the statute of limitations for the claim had expired. The judge disagreed and allowed the case to proceed.

Both parties eventually agreed to try mediation before going to trial. "We're negotiating the terms of the settlement agreement," the plaintiff's lawyer explained. After several sessions, the mediator helped both parties reach an agreement, avoiding a lengthy and costly trial.

1. Why did the plaintiff file the lawsuit?

2. What motion did the defendant's attorney file?

3. What did the judge decide?

4. What did both parties agree to try?

5. What did they ultimately avoid?

💪 You're navigating legal proceedings with real confidence! Review this lesson, or continue to the Advanced level.

07

Reading: Negotiating a Settlement

A second reading, a bit longer. Read it and answer the questions below.

Two companies were building a case against each other over a breach of contract. Rather than go to trial, both sides agreed to enter into arbitration to settle out of court and save time.

“We believe the court would hold your company liable,” one attorney said during mediation, “but we're willing to come to terms if you draft a fair agreement.” After hours of negotiation, both parties waived their right to further hearings and signed a settlement, avoiding a longer legal battle.

1. What were the two companies disputing?

2. What did both sides agree to instead of a trial?

3. What did one attorney say the court might do?

4. What did the attorney ask the other side to do?

5. What did both parties do at the end?

08

Match the Terms

Tap a term on the left, then tap its matching definition on the right. Ungraded — repeat as many times as you like.

Term

Definition

09

Fill in the Blanks

Usa las pistas para completar cada palabra en inglés. Sin calificar — repite las veces que quieras.

10

Key Points

The essentials of this lesson, summarized.

11

Vocabulary in This Lesson

Key terms to remember.

plaintiff
noun

the person who brings a case to court

"The plaintiff filed a lawsuit for breach of contract."

Collocations: the plaintiff alleges, plaintiff's attorney, on behalf of the plaintiff

Traduccióndemandante
to need
verb

to require something for a legal agreement

"We need to draft a non-disclosure agreement."

Collocations: need to draft, dire need, needs review

Traducciónnecesitar
court
noun

the official body that hears legal cases

"The court granted a temporary restraining order."

Collocations: the court granted, appear in court, court order

Traduccióntribunal, corte
attorney
noun

a lawyer, especially in American English

"The defendant's attorney filed a motion to dismiss."

Collocations: defense attorney, attorney of record, hire an attorney

Traducciónabogado/a
conducting
verb (gerund)

carrying out an investigation before a legal deal

"We're conducting due diligence before the acquisition."

Collocations: conducting due diligence, conducting an investigation, currently conducting

Traducciónrealizando
arbitration
noun

a way to resolve disputes outside of court

"The arbitration clause requires disputes to be resolved privately."

Collocations: arbitration clause, binding arbitration, enter arbitration

Traducciónarbitraje
defendant
noun

the person or party being sued or accused

"The defendant pleaded not guilty at the hearing."

Collocations: the defendant argues, defendant's counsel, name as defendant

Traduccióndemandado/a, acusado/a
liability
noun

legal responsibility for damage or a debt

"The company denied any liability for the damages."

Collocations: deny liability, limit liability, assume liability

Traducciónresponsabilidad legal
breach of contract
noun

failing to fulfill the terms of an agreement

"They sued for breach of contract after the delay."

Collocations: sue for breach of contract, material breach of contract, allege breach of contract

Traducciónincumplimiento de contrato
mediation
noun

a process to resolve disputes with a neutral party

"Both parties agreed to try mediation first."

Collocations: attempt mediation, mediation session, court-ordered mediation

Traducciónmediación
jurisdiction
noun

the official authority to make legal decisions

"The case falls under federal jurisdiction."

Collocations: fall under jurisdiction, lack jurisdiction, exercise jurisdiction

Traducciónjurisdicción
deposition
noun

sworn testimony given outside of court

"The witness gave a deposition before the trial."

Collocations: give a deposition, depose a witness, deposition transcript

Traduccióndeclaración jurada (fuera de corte)

12

Common Phrases & Expressions

Expressions attorneys use when discussing cases, hearings, and negotiations.

build a case
"We're building a strong case based on the contract."
settle out of court
"Most disputes like this settle out of court."
draft an agreement
"Our team will draft the agreement by Friday."
waive a right
"The client chose to waive her right to a jury trial."
enter into arbitration
"Both sides agreed to enter into arbitration."
hold someone liable
"The court held the company liable for the breach."
file a motion
"We filed a motion to dismiss the case."
come to terms
"The two parties finally came to terms this week."

13

Build the Sentence

Tap the words in the correct order to form the sentence. Ungraded — repeat as many times as you like.

14

Choose the Correct Verb

Tap the correct verb form to complete each sentence. The other options are conjugations from other tenses — on purpose, so you learn to tell them apart.

We to review the indemnification provisions

The faces liability for the defective product

We to obtain power of attorney for this transaction

The filed a lawsuit for breach of contract

We're the terms of the settlement agreement

16

Assessment

You need at least 80% to unlock the next lesson. You can retake it as many times as you want — your best score is saved.

1. "We filed an appeal with the higher court." — which one is correct?

2. What does this mean: "We're negotiating the terms of the settlement agreement."?

3. What does this mean: "The judge issued an injunction against the company."?

4. Select the correct match for: "We need to verify the chain of title for this property."

5. What does this mean: "The tenant breached several terms of the lease."?

6. What does this mean: "We're reviewing the merger agreement for regulatory compliance."?

7. Which option matches: "We need to review the indemnification provisions."?

8. "The court granted a temporary restraining order." — which one is correct?

9. Choose the equivalent of: "The contract was declared void due to a legal defect."

10. Which option matches: "The plaintiff seeks damages for the breach."?

Review — Lesson 86 What matches: "The property portfolio spans multiple market segments and price points."?

Review — Lesson 86 What matches: "We need to address this reputational crisis proactively."?

17

Summary and next step

You now discuss litigation and corporate law. Next lesson: appellate practice and constitutional law — the final lesson.

🗣️ Practice out loud

Use the conversational tutor to practice this topic.

Open the tutor

18

Games

Practice this lesson's vocabulary with a word search and flashcards. Ungraded — play as many times as you like.

Word Search

Tap the first and last letter of a hidden word to find it. Los términos de varias palabras van sin espacios en el tablero (ej. "give up" aparece como GIVEUP).

Flashcards

Elige la respuesta correcta. Si aciertas, la tarjeta queda lista por hoy; si fallas, vuelve a aparecer pronto para reforzarla. Tu progreso se guarda en este dispositivo.

Term