Levels & career tracks
Curso básico · A1–A2
Nivel A1.1 — IdentidadNivel A1.2 — Rutinas y entornoNivel A2.1 — Contando el mundoNivel A2.2 — Comparando y proyectandoIntermedio · B1–B2
Level B1.1 — Connecting experiencesLevel B1.2 — Narrating and describingLevel B2.1 — ArguingLevel B2.2 — NuanceProfesional / Avanzado · C1–C2
Level C1.1 — PrecisionLevel C1.2 — Register and discourseLevel C2.1 — StyleLevel C2.2 — Native masteryInglés técnico y especialización
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This is boardroom-level English: the vocabulary of C-suite strategy, financial analysis, M&A, and executive leadership. This lesson closes the Business career track.
Why this matters This lesson connects directly to your progress: it covers strategy and competitive positioning; risk, governance, and negotiation; mergers, acquisitions, and leadership vocabulary. Mastering this content lets you move forward confidently, and reinforces patterns you'll use again later. Take time to review every example before moving to the assessment — repetition is what actually locks knowledge in long-term.
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The goals of this lesson.
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You already handle meetings and stakeholder conversations. This final Business lesson gives you executive-level vocabulary: governance, strategy, and boardroom communication.
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Terms used at the executive level to discuss market strategy and competitive advantage.
Examples
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Vocabulary for board-level discussions on compliance, risk mitigation, and high-stakes negotiation.
Examples
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Specialized terms for M&A processes and executive-level leadership discourse.
Examples
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Read the text and answer the questions. You can try as many times as you want.
The executive committee convened to discuss the proposed acquisition. "Our due diligence revealed several undisclosed liabilities," the CFO reported, "but the projected synergies could still yield substantial cost savings." The board remained divided on whether the risk was justified.
"This acquisition would significantly strengthen our market position," argued the CEO, "and align with our broader digital transformation agenda." After hours of negotiation, which nearly reached an impasse over intellectual property rights, the board finally approved a phased rollout to minimize disruption.
1. What did due diligence reveal?
2. What could still result despite the risks?
3. What did the CEO argue the acquisition would do?
4. What nearly caused an impasse?
5. What did the board finally approve?
07
A second reading, a bit longer. Read it and answer the questions below.
Before the board approved the acquisition, the finance team spent weeks on due diligence. They reviewed the target company's liabilities, assessed potential synergy between the two sales teams, and double-checked the valuation the investment bank had proposed.
“This deal could really move the needle for us,” the CFO told the board, “but we need shareholders on board first.” After circling back with legal on a few remaining liabilities, the board agreed to bring the deal to a close by the end of the quarter, using leverage to fund part of the purchase.
1. What did the finance team do for weeks?
2. What did they assess between the two sales teams?
3. What did the CFO say the deal could do?
4. Who did the CFO say needed to be on board?
5. How did the board plan to fund part of the purchase?
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Tap a term on the left, then tap its matching definition on the right. Ungraded — repeat as many times as you like.
Term
Definition
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Usa las pistas para completar cada palabra en inglés. Sin calificar — repite las veces que quieras.
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The essentials of this lesson, summarized.
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Key terms to remember.
the worth or benefit something provides, especially to a customer
In "value proposition", this refers to the core benefit a company offers customers — central to strategic positioning.
Formal / strategicCollocations: value proposition, add value, value chain
Synonyms: worth, benefit, merit
actively working toward a goal or strategy
Signals a deliberate, ongoing strategic choice rather than a one-time action — common in strategic planning language.
Formal / strategicCollocations: pursuing a strategy, pursuing growth, actively pursuing
Synonyms: chasing, pursuing, striving for
the group of people who oversee a company's direction
Refers to the board of directors, the top governance body of a corporation, distinct from day-to-day management.
Formal / corporateCollocations: board of directors, report to the board, board meeting
Synonyms: board, directors, governing body
to require something essential for success
Here framed around leveraging "core competencies" — a strategic-management concept for a firm's key strengths.
Formal / strategicCollocations: need to leverage, dire need, needs assessment
Synonyms: require, must have
the act of a company buying another company
A core M&A (mergers and acquisitions) term, distinct from a "merger" where companies combine as more equal partners.
Formal / M&ACollocations: hostile acquisition, complete an acquisition, acquisition strategy
Synonyms: takeover, purchase, buyout
earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization
A key profitability metric used to compare companies' core operating performance without accounting or financing distortions.
Formal / financialCollocations: EBITDA margin, adjusted EBITDA, EBITDA multiple
Synonyms: operating earnings
an estimate of how much a company is worth
Central to investment and M&A decisions; can be based on multiple methods (discounted cash flow, comparables, etc.).
Formal / financialCollocations: company valuation, valuation multiple, fair valuation
Synonyms: worth, appraisal, market value
a detailed investigation before a business deal
Standard pre-acquisition process to verify financial, legal, and operational information before a deal closes.
Formal / legal-financialCollocations: conduct due diligence, due diligence process, thorough due diligence
Synonyms: investigation, vetting, scrutiny
a financial obligation or debt a company owes
Appears on the balance sheet opposite "assets"; critical in assessing financial health before a transaction.
Formal / financialCollocations: assess liabilities, current liabilities, contingent liability
Synonyms: debt, obligation
extra value created when two things work together
Frequently cited (and sometimes overestimated) benefit used to justify mergers and acquisitions.
Formal / strategicCollocations: create synergy, synergy between, cost synergies
Synonyms: combined benefit, complementary strength
a person who owns shares in a company
Distinct from "stakeholder" — specifically refers to equity owners with voting rights and financial interest.
Formal / corporateCollocations: shareholder vote, shareholder value, activist shareholder
Synonyms: stockholder, investor, equity holder
borrowed money used to increase potential returns
Can amplify both gains and losses; a central concept in corporate finance and risk management.
Formal / financialCollocations: use leverage, highly leveraged, leverage ratio
Synonyms: borrowed capital, gearing
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High-level expressions used in boardrooms, M&A deals, and executive strategy discussions.
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Tap the words in the correct order to form the sentence. Ungraded — repeat as many times as you like.
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Tap the correct verb form to complete each sentence. The other options are conjugations from other tenses — on purpose, so you learn to tell them apart.
Our moat lies in proprietary technology and brand loyalty
This aligns with our broader digital transformation agenda
Let's a phased rollout to minimize disruption
The committee will convene to finalize the decision
We headwinds in the second half of the year
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Listen to the full dialogue with the speaker buttons first, then fill in the missing words from this lesson's real conversation. Ungraded — repeat as many times as you like.
How is the board reacting to the
Some see it as necessary governance others as overreach.
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You need at least 80% to unlock the next lesson. You can retake it as many times as you want — your best score is saved.
1. Select the correct match for: "The negotiation reached an impasse over intellectual property rights."
2. "This initiative aligns with our broader digital transformation agenda." — which one is correct?
3. What does this mean: "We're renegotiating terms to reflect changing market conditions."?
4. Choose the equivalent of: "Regulatory compliance remains a critical component of our risk framework."
5. Which option matches: "This represents a paradigm shift in how we approach customer acquisition."?
6. Choose the equivalent of: "The executive committee will convene to finalize the decision."
7. What does this mean: "We're restructuring the organization to improve operational efficiency."?
8. Which option matches: "The board is concerned about our exposure to currency risk."?
9. Choose the equivalent of: "Let's explore a phased rollout to minimize disruption."
10. Select the correct match for: "The CEO's vision hinges on scaling operations while preserving culture."
Review — Lesson 63 What matches: "The market punished companies that failed to adapt."?
Review — Lesson 63 What matches: "Great leaders don't create followers; they create more leaders."?
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You've completed the Business track! You now speak the language of professional and executive communication. Next: Economics and Finance, starting with the basics.
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Practice this lesson's vocabulary with a word search and flashcards. Ungraded — play as many times as you like.
Tap the first and last letter of a hidden word to find it. Los términos de varias palabras van sin espacios en el tablero (ej. "give up" aparece como GIVEUP).
Elige la respuesta correcta. Si aciertas, la tarjeta queda lista por hoy; si fallas, vuelve a aparecer pronto para reforzarla. Tu progreso se guarda en este dispositivo.